Chapter 7 Guided Reading Politics in the Gilded Age
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Chapter 7 Section 3
Politics in the Gilded Age (267)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Mark Twain and Charles Dudley Warner wrote this novel, whose characters find that getting rich quick is much harder than they expected | The Gilded Age |
| What are political machines? | an organized group that controlled the activities of a political party and offered services that people paid for |
| Political Machines were organized into pyramids, who was in the pyramid from base to top? | Local precinct workers and captains (blocks or neighborhoods) ward bosses (a few neighborhoods) city boss (a whole city). each reported to the next higher in rank |
| Most political machines were well intentioned, they controlled access to business liscenses, courts, and municipal job. what kinds of things did they fund? | parks, sewersystems, waterworks, schools, orphanages, hospitals |
| Why did city bosses try to the best for their people? (not money) | reinsure voters to re-elect them, and extend their influence |
| many captains and precinct workers were 1st or 2nd generation immigrants, why was this a good thing? | they could understand the problems immigrants were going through, and help them with naturalization |
| What was the main reason precinct workers and captains wanted to help people? | so they could live the American Dream and work their way from the bottom to the top |
| What were the 3 ways political machines began to corrupt? | election fraud, graft (using political influence for personal gain) and accepting bribes from businessmen and police |
| Who was the Political machine in New York who told the citizens they were paying for a 13 million courthouse that was actually 3 mill, and kept the extra money for himself? | William "Boss" Tweed |
| Thomas Nast was a political cartoonist who inspired outrage over Boss Tweed's graft. eventually Boss was arrested, but escaped from jail. how did they find him? | He fled to Spain where officials identified him from a Thomas Nast cartoon |
| What was patronage? What did reformfers wish to change about patronage? | patronage was the modern version spoils system, reformers wanted people to be elected on experience and beliefs, not on who they knew or how much they paid |
| Hayes couldn't pass any bils against patronage so what did he do? | elected indpendents into his cabinet and fired two customhouse officials who had been elected under patronage |
| Who are stalwarts and reformers. which officials were elected to office in the 1880 election? | reformers did not support patronage, stalwarts did. Garfield was close to reformers, and his VP was a stalwart |
| Hayes was ironically shot by who? | a supporter of his who was expecting to obtain a cabinet position |
| What did the Pendleton Civil Service Act say? | it made appointments to federal jobs through a merit system and prohibited politicians from hassling employees for donations |
| Democrats opposed high tariffs (what businesses wanted) who was the first democrat elected to the presidency in 28 years? | Grover Cleveland |
| After Cleveland, Harrison (a republican) was elected. who were his main supporters/donation givers | businesses who basically "bought" him so he could raise tariffs, which he did |
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Chapter 7 Guided Reading Politics in the Gilded Age
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